@conference {7737717,
	title = {Battery diagnosis for electrical vehicles through semi-physical fuzzy models},
	booktitle = {2016 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)},
	year = {2016},
	month = {July},
	pages = {416-423},
	abstract = {An intelligent model of a Li-Ion battery for electrical vehicles is proposed that allows for a fast battery health evaluation without the need of removing the battery from the vehicle. The only data needed for performing the condition monitoring are logged performance records (currents and voltages) that are commonly available at Battery Management Systems. The model comprises a combination of differential equations and fuzzy rule-based systems, these last being embedded as non-linear blocks in the differential equations. Fuzzy rules are learnt from data with the help of metaheuristics and fine tuned with gradient descent algorithms. A TensorFlow{\texttrademark} implementation of the learning algorithm has been developed that takes advantage of the numerical processing capabilities of a massively parallel GPU and improves the learning speed by a high margin.},
	keywords = {Batteries, battery diagnosis, battery health evaluation, battery management systems, Battery models, battery powered vehicles, Computational modeling, differential equations, Discharges (electric), electrical vehicles, fuzzy models, Fuzzy rule-based systems, Fuzzy systems, gradient descent algorithms, graphics processing units, learning (artificial intelligence), learning algorithm, Li-FePO4batteries, Li-ion battery, Liquids, massively parallel GPU, Mathematical model, nonlinear blocks, Numerical models, parallel processing, power engineering computing, secondary cells, semiphysical fuzzy models, TensorFlow, TensorFlow{\texttrademark}, Vehicles},
	doi = {10.1109/FUZZ-IEEE.2016.7737717},
	author = {L. S{\'a}nchez and J. Otero and I. Couso and C. Blanco}
}
@article {SANCHEZ2014269,
	title = {A design methodology for semi-physical fuzzy models applied to the dynamic characterization of LiFePO4 batteries},
	journal = {Applied Soft Computing},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Evolving Soft Computing Techniques and Applications},
	pages = {269 - 288},
	abstract = {A methodology for designing semi-physical fuzzy models is proposed. Prior physical knowledge about the dynamics of the system is modeled with continuous time differential equations. Fuzzy knowledge bases are embedded in these equations as nonlinear constructive blocks. Rules comprising the knowledge bases are fitted to interval-valued data with metaheuristics. A possibilistic filter is proposed that is able to gradually evolve an initial estimation of the latent variables of the model on the basis of successive prediction errors. This methodology has been applied to the prediction of voltage and state of charge of LiFePO4 batteries. An empirical study has been carried over data gathered in experiments at the Battery Laboratory at Oviedo University. Fitting between the proposed model and actual measurements is studied for four different manufacturers and different charge{\textendash}discharge patterns. Predictions of the evolution of the voltage during charge, discharge and inactivity compare favorably to different models in the literature. The possibilistic filter allows to estimate the state of charge of batteries after an arbitrary path that may include partial charges and discharges. It is shown that the accuracy of the open loop model improves that of other approaches in the literature, and at the same time the observer-based online model is able to approximate the effective remnant charge of the battery after a reasonably short time.},
	keywords = {fuzzy models, Imprecise data, LiFePO batteries, Online identification, Semi-physical modeling},
	issn = {1568-4946},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2013.03.020},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156849461300135X},
	author = {Luciano S{\'a}nchez and In{\'e}s Couso and Manuela Gonz{\'a}lez}
}
@conference {4222979,
	title = {Modeling Vague Data with Genetic Fuzzy Systems under a Combination of Crisp and Imprecise Criteria},
	booktitle = {2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making},
	year = {2007},
	month = {April},
	pages = {30-37},
	abstract = {Multicriteria genetic algorithms can produce fuzzy models with a good balance between their precision and their complexity. The accuracy of a model is usually measured by the mean squared error of its residual. When vague training data is used, the residual becomes a fuzzy number, and it is needed to optimize a combination of crisp and fuzzy objectives in order to learn balanced models. In this paper, we will extend the NSGA-II algorithm to this last case, and test it over a practical problem of causal modeling in marketing. Different setups of this algorithm are compared, and it is shown that the algorithm proposed here is able to improve the generalization properties of those models obtained from the defuzzified training data.},
	keywords = {Additive noise, combination, Computer science, crisp objectives, defuzzified training data, fuzzy logic, fuzzy models, fuzzy objectives, Fuzzy systems, generalisation (artificial intelligence), generalization, genetic algorithms, Genetic Fuzzy Systems, Global Positioning System, mean squared error, multicriteria genetic algorithms, Noise measurement, NSGA-II algorithm, Position measurement, Probability distribution, Stochastic resonance, Training data, vague data modeling},
	doi = {10.1109/MCDM.2007.369413},
	author = {L. S{\'a}nchez and I. Couso and J. Casillas}
}
@article {SANCHEZ2002175,
	title = {Some relationships between fuzzy and random set-based classifiers and models},
	journal = {International Journal of Approximate Reasoning},
	volume = {29},
	number = {2},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {175 - 213},
	abstract = {When designing rule-based models and classifiers, some precision is sacrificed to obtain linguistic interpretability. Understandable models are not expected to outperform black boxes, but usually fuzzy learning algorithms are statistically validated by contrasting them with black-box models. Unless performance of both approaches is equivalent, it is difficult to judge whether the fuzzy one is doing its best, because the precision gap between the best understandable model and the best black-box model is not known. In this paper we discuss how to generate probabilistic rule-based models and classifiers with the same structure as fuzzy rule-based ones. Fuzzy models, in which features are partitioned into linguistic terms, will be compared to probabilistic rule-based models with the same number of terms in every linguistic partition. We propose to use these probabilistic models to estimate a lower precision limit which fuzzy rule learning algorithms should surpass.},
	keywords = {Fuzzy classifiers, fuzzy models, Random set-based classifiers, Random set-based models},
	issn = {0888-613X},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0888-613X(01)00063-9},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888613X01000639},
	author = {Luciano S{\'a}nchez and Jorge Casillas and O. Cord{\'o}n and M. J. del Jesus}
}
@conference {943781,
	title = {A fast genetic method for inducting linguistically understandable fuzzy models},
	booktitle = {Proceedings Joint 9th IFSA World Congress and 20th NAFIPS International Conference (Cat. No. 01TH8569)},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2001},
	month = {July},
	pages = {1559-1563 vol.3},
	abstract = {Fuzzy rule bases can be regarded as mixtures of experts, and boosting techniques can be applied to learn them from data. In particular, provided that adequate reasoning methods are used, fuzzy models are extended additive models, thus backfitting can be applied to them. We propose to use an implementation of backfitting that uses a genetic algorithm for fitting submodels to residuals and we also show that it is both more accurate and faster than other fuzzy rule learning methods.},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence, backfitting, boosting techniques, computational linguistics, extended additive models, fast genetic method, fuzzy logic, fuzzy models, Fuzzy reasoning, fuzzy rule bases, fuzzy rule learning methods, fuzzy set theory, Fuzzy sets, genetic algorithm, genetic algorithms, inference mechanisms, learning (artificial intelligence), Learning systems, linguistically understandable fuzzy model induction, mixtures of experts, reasoning methods, residuals, submodel fitting, Training data, uncertainty handling},
	doi = {10.1109/NAFIPS.2001.943781},
	author = {L. S{\'a}nchez}
}
